The Gobble

It is the primary reason I hunt wild turkeys in the spring.

It invokes such strong feelings of excitement that it escapes words.

It is a crazy sound in nature, really, perhaps even a bit comical.

The sound, made by a wild bird and denoting spring, is actually a loud, shrill, descending, gurgling, throaty jumble of chords that lasts about 1-2 seconds. This is the gobble of a male wild turkey.

Gil-obble-obble-obble.

The hunting experience is about communicating, interacting and connecting with the North America’s largest upland game bird. And, that gobble is the bridge between the turkey and the hunter. It’s the male wild turkey’s gobble that causes us spring turkey hunters to arise blurry-eyed in the darkness of an early spring morning to prepare to deal with the elements in order to harvest the producer of that intriguing sound — setting up and calling near his roost.

There is probably no experience as electrifying as hearing multiple gobbles echo through the woods in the gray-blue color of dawn.

What is truly unforgettable in spring wild turkey hunting though is a male wild turkey vociferously belting out a loud, boisterous gobble near your hunting blind or location. The exhilaration felt by that noise fills the body with adrenaline!

Juvenile male turkeys, known as jakes, will also sound off like this, but, in many instances, they are just spectators during their first year. For the record, hen turkeys are capable of gobbling but do so infrequently.

Like other wildlife, wild turkeys are competitive creatures. As with any society or group, a hierarchy exists among turkeys, and each flock is going to have a distinct pecking order. Once a large, long-bearded adult male wild turkey establishes his dominance, he fights day in and day out to maintain that status. This primal instinct in the mating cycle is the reason that mimicking the sound of another gobbler can force a tight-beaked, quiet gobbler to often reveal his location.

The turkey hunter’s goal is to sound like a lonely hen ready for a springtime courtship rendezvous. The male wild turkey uses his gobble to entice a harem of hens while also trying to sound tough enough to keep competing males away. The hens are also vocalizing throughout this springtime breeding ritual, conveying their availability and interest to the surrounding gobblers. The turkey hunter becomes interwoven in an intense mix of passion, relationships, competition, battles and breakup, and from that reality show he hopes to outwit a tom turkey comprised by overwhelming desire.

As an avid spring wild turkey hunter and wildlife viewer in Nebraska, the gobble is the sound I never tire of hearing; it is a sound that truly signifies spring and one that I treasure; it is one of the last sounds I would like to hear on this earth before I pass.

Here are some interesting findings relating to the gobbling activity of male wild turkeys from research done by Dave Godwin, turkey project leader for Mississippi Wildlife, Fisheries and Parks, and Derek Colbert, graduate student at the University of Georgia, as well as from information gathered through the National Wild Turkey Federation.

• The higher number of turkeys, particularly 2-year-olds, the higher gobble count throughout the spring season.
• Gobbling activity was highest when winds were about 3 mph, and remained high when wind speeds increased to 6 mph. Activity tapered off after that and almost no gobbles were recorded when winds exceeded 12 mph. Wind direction was not a factor.
• The average daily temperature played a role in gobbling activity, as birds sounded off the most when the average daily temperature was between 60 and 69 degrees. As the temperature increased, gobbling decreased.
• The average barometric pressure affected gobbling activity, as well. Lower pressure, often associated with rain, meant less gobbling. Birds were most active at 29.9 to 30.2 inches, and when the pressure fell below 29.7 inches, gobbling activity decreased dramatically.
• There is no link between gobbling activity and hunting pressure. Gobbling activity varies widely during a spring season, but hunted birds are still vocal.
• Habitat did cause variations in gobbling activity. A considerably large percent of gobbles were noted near water compared to other areas of the research site, but that doesn’t mean toms near water gobble more. More likely, it means gobblers prefer to roost near water.
• A gobble emitted from a tree can be heard about twice as far as one produced on the ground.
• Wildlife biologists have long assumed there were two peak gobbling periods: one during flock break-up and a second during the start of nesting. Some research data indicates this;’ however, several studies point to just one peak, and it doesn’t always coincide with the height of nest initiation, nor was it readily identifiable. Population dynamics and weather patterns can shift maximum gobbling activity by a week or more in the springtime. That’s the somewhat mysterious aspect of the gobble.
• Vocal toms! An adult male wild turkey gobbled forty-six times a ten minute interval during a spring wild turkey survey conducted in Alabama.
• Hunters love it! Recent surveys done by the Georgia Department of Natural Resources have shown that hunter satisfaction is related to hearing turkeys gobble and seeing male turkeys.
• The Eastern wild turkey (and most likely its hybrids) have the strongest gobbles of all subspecies. The Merriam’s has the weakest gobbles of all subspecies.
• Gobble calls used by hunters work best during the early part of the spring turkey season because toms are still busy establishing dominance and may leave their swagger to look for a fight. They also work well late in the season as most of the breeding is finished and the toms are gobbling to find each other and link up. Turkey hunters must be cautious using a gobble call though, especially on public land where it may attract fellow hunters to your position.
• Do wild turkeys gobble only in the spring? No, we associate gobbling with springtime and attempts made by gobblers to attract hens. Overall, the best stimulus to get a gobbler to gobble is a yelping hen. Turkeys can and do gobble throughout the year. Toms gobble during the fall, though less frequently than in the spring. Occasionally, turkeys gobble in response to loud and sudden noises such as a train whistle. This can happen at any time.

“Every morning (in the spring) I hear the birds singing, they may not be turkeys and I may be in the middle of town, but as soon as I hear them, my ears are straining to hear the gobble of a turkey, wherever I may be.” — Daryl Bauer of the Nebraska Game and Parks Commission.

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