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� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � second edition • Nebraska Pond Management • 31 wipers. Most ponds warm considerably during the summer, which can hinder the growth of these species and reduce survival of older fish. Although walleyes and northerns can survive in larger ponds or lakes in eastern Nebraska, they will likely have to be restocked periodically to maintain populations. While flathead catfish can be stocked to produce a trophy fishery or as an additional predator, they will not effectively control bluegills as well as a properly managed largemouth bass population. Wipers generally require supplemental feeding in order to attain their full growth potential. See page 36 for additional wiper information. Very few ponds are capable of supporting trout year-round. Trout require water temperatures below 70 degrees and a high oxygen content. If trout are desired in eastern ponds, they can be stocked to provide a seasonal fishery from fall through late spring. Unless a spring or aerated well water provides enough cool water for the pond during the summer, trout will die and have to be restocked each fall. See page 35 for more trout stocking information. For ponds and lakes in western Nebraska that have adequate depth and moderate levels of submerged vegetation, yellow perch can be considered as an additional prey fish. If yellow perch are being considered for western waters, they should be stocked in combination with bluegill, utilizing stocking strategies similar to those used for redear sunfish. Some western and northern waters may be able to support smallmouth bass, provided the ponds contain clear, deep water, submerged vegetation, rocky substrate, and crayfish. Since they cannot compete effectively with largemouth bass, they should not be stocked if largemouth bass are already present. Consult a local Commission fisheries biologist for advice before stocking any of these species. Grass Carp Grass carp are native to Asia and were brought to this country as a means to control aquatic vegetation. They are members of the minnow family. They usually grow larger than the common carp, often attaining weights in excess of 50 pounds, and can live for decades. The Commission does not recommend stocking grass carp; alternative vegetation control techniques should be used instead. The best solution for a vegetation problem is to WIPER SMALLMOUTH BASS GRASS CARP NORTHERN PIKE